Primary hydatid disease of the ilium: a case report

Bone hydatid disease is endemic in several regions worldwide and lacks a typical clinical appearance and image characteristics; therefore, its diagnosis is very difficult. A 49-year-old rural woman was referred with purulent discharge from sinus tract in the left ilium. X-ray and CT scan showed multiple lytic lesions with cortical destruction. She was scheduled for sequestrectomy with impression of chronic osteomyelitis but destroyed hydatid cysts were detected intraoperatively. Iliac wing excision from the iliac crest to the sacroiliac joint and supraacetabulum area was performed. Pathologic findings were in favor of bone hydatidosis. Postoperatively, albendazole and antibiotics were prescribed

effect of diclofenac on tendon healing: An experimental study in guinea pigs

Whether non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a detrimental effect on tendon regeneration is still a matter of debate. As such, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of diclofenac on tendon healing. Sixty four guinea pigs were randomly divided into two main groups [group A: histological study, group B: biomechanical study]. Then tenotomy and repair of right Achilles tendon were done. Half of the animals in each group received diclofenac [1 mg/kg/bid] and the other half received placebo. Half of the animals in each group were sacrificed at 2 weeks and the remaining animals at 6 weeks post-operation. In group A, histological study for determining maturity of healing of tendons in diclofenac and control groups was done, and in group B, tensile force to failure of tendons at two and six weeks of post tenotomy was determined. After two weeks, of the group A1, four animals in the experimental and five in the control group were labeled as relative immature. Four of the animals in the experimental and two in the control subgroups were labeled as relative immature. These differences were not significant. In group A2, five animals in the experimental and three in the control group were in the relative mature and three of those in the experimental and four of the control group were labeled as relative immature group. In group A1, the tensile force to failure was 24.175 N and 25.371 N in the experimental and control groups, respectively. In group B2, mean force to failure was 41.019 N in the experimental and 39.743 N in the control group. There was no significant difference between both groups. Diclofenac at the dosage of 1 mg/kg/bid did not appear to affect histological and biomechanical characteristics of tendon healing

Q-angle: an invaluable parameter for evaluation of anterior knee pain

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a descriptive term applied to patients with nonspecific anterior knee pain, and is the most common knee problem. The pain in most patellofemoral disorders is generalized to the anterior part of the knee. One important concept in patellofemoral joint function is the quadriceps angle [Q-angle]. Theoretically, a higher Q-angle increases the lateral pull of the quadriceps femoris muscle of the patella and potentiates patellofemoral disorders. This study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between the anterior knee pain and Q-angle. This prospective study was performed on two groups; the case group consisted of 100 outpatients [44 men, and 56 women] aged between 15 and 35 years, with anterior knee pain. The control group consisted of 100 outpatients [50 men, and 50 women] with the same age distribution, who presented with different problems in the upper extremities and no knee problems. The Q-angle of each knee was measured in all participants, using a universal goniometer. The mean Q-angle for men, women, and all participants in the case group was 15.2, 20.1, and 18.0 degrees, respectively. In the normal control group the angles were12.1, 16.7, and 14.9 degrees, respectively. All these differences were statistically significant [P<0.001]. These results substantiate the fact that patients with anterior knee pain have larger Q-angles than healthy individuals

effect of bone marrow graft on bone healing: a radiological and biomechanical study

There are multiple methods for acceleration of bone healing. Bone marrow has been shown to contain osteoprogenitor cells. To determine the effect of percutaneous bone marrow injection on bone healing. 15 mature, 2-kg-weighing white New Zealand rabbits from both sexes were randomized into 3 groups: Group I: Only osteotomy of right radius was performed and a 5 mm bony defect was made. Group II: Same as group I, with the defect filled by bonegraft, taken from the iliac crest. Group III: Same as group I plus percutaneous bone marrow injection 5 days after the operation. 45 days post-operation, the rabbits were sacrificed. The radii of both forelimbs were isolated and tested by tensile testing machine. There was a significant difference between groups I and III [p<0.001] for toleration of maximum load and bending stiffness. No significant difference was observed between groups II and III for these parameters. Bone marrow injection has an effect on bone healing comparable to bone grafting. This technique is non-invasive and simple without any significant complication

Epidemiology of low back pain in women

The prevalence of low back pain [LBP] in a randomly selected sample of 1,000 women with five different jobs was studied over a 2-year period. The selected jobs comprised of farmers, manual workers, nurses, clerks, and housewives. Each group consisted of 200 cases. The rate of LBP was found to be different in various occupations [p=0.0001]. The study was based on interviews and the completion of a questionnaire followed by clinical examination. The overall prevalence rate of LBP during a lifetime and over a one-year period in women aged 25-45 years were 27.4% and 12.7%, respectively. The lifetime prevalence was 35% in farmers, 32.5% in manual workers, 28.5% in housewives, 26% in nurses and 15% in clerks. The obvious risk factor for LBP was age and the number of working years. The most prominent physical risk factor for LBP was "stooping". Remaining in a sitting position for more than 4 hours daily was also a clear risk factor. We found accentuated lordosis and positive straight-leg raising test as the most prevalent clinical signs. The salient plain radiological findings were traction spur, disc-space narrowing, and hyperlordosis

normal carrying angle of the elbow in shiraz

The normal carrying angle in Shiraz population was measured on the basis of sex and age. The right elbow angle of 4266 cases was examined from birth to 30 years old. This study found the carrying angle in 2540 females to be 7.2° [range 2-19] and in 1726 males to be 6.40 [range 2-11], a 0.8° difference. A significant difference [p= 0.05] was found in relation to age. There is a gradual increase in the carrying angle with skeletal maturation

effect of physical activity on tendon healing

It has been documented that normal tendons and ligaments are responsive to changes in mechanical stimuli, but there is little experimental data showing the effect of mild physical activity or restricted exercise on the treatment of tendon or ligament injuries. As such, the effect of free exercise, cage confinement and external fixation on healing of a standard induced tendon injury in the superficial distal flexor tendon of the rabbit were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. The lesions in the exercise group were well organized and showed a greater degree of crimp formation at the histological level The tenoblasts were more mature and the inflammatory cells were fewer in the lesions. Whereas the animals with cage confinement and external fixation exhibited a disorganized arrangement of collagen fibrils with a large population of active tenoblasts and inflammatory cells. Electron microscopic quantification showed mean fibril diameter higher in the exercised group as compared to others. Mobilization in the early stage following tendon injury might accelerate wound healing and thus he advised in management of tendon injuries